A Locked Door

-- By HollyStubbs - 26 Feb 2013

There is no law

There is no law other than what people believe to be the law, or more precisely, law doesn’t exist outside of the changes of behavior that are influenced by individuals’ (both collectively and on a personal level) belief of what a law is. What we think of as ‘law’ is a series of systems (moral, legal, political, etc.) that influence current and future human behavior.

Law is a based upon belief: A Locked Door

This is like the law. If people believe that the door is locked then they act as though it is locked. If people (society as a collective whole) believe (or merely act as though they believe) in some legal principle then the legal principle exists, but only because people act as though it does. Therefore, what a legal code says is not what dictates the law, nor even how courts interpret that legal code. What matters is what people do. Thus abortions are not legal or illegal they are available or unavailable, marijuana is smoked as medicine or burned by the police, people are put to death by the state or they are not. What we think of as the law is really the impact of millions of actions by individuals. That is not to say that what courts say is the meaning of a legal code has no impact, or that how a legal code is written does not or should not influence the how a court interprets that code. When a judge writes a decision that says that women have a right to an abortion and then health care professionals believe that the decision means that they can provide abortions and a woman comes to their clinic and gets an abortion then for that woman an abortion was available; for that woman abortion was the law.

There is the argument that belief is not what matters, actions are what matters, and I agree. But belief is convenient shorthand for the convictions (conscious and unconscious) that lead to action. People act for any number of reasons: they have a moral belief that they should follow the law, they are afraid of jail or a fine, they are conforming to social norms. It doesn’t matter why they act. What matters is how they act.

If the law is how we act then the law is politics is economics is psychology is history is anthropology. It’s all the study of the same thing: human behavior and human behavior is most effectively studied as the product of variables often that can be analyzed in systematic ways.

Law is a series of systems: A Stop Sign

Consider a stop sign. There are effectively two choices: stop or don’t stop. Let’s say there is a $50 fine for not stopping. If an individual runs a stop sign and no one sees her then the ‘law’ is transgressed, but there are no repercussions. In effect, for that individual there was no $50 fine. Another individual chooses to stop at the stop sign. Again, for her there was no $50 fine, no repercussions. If you are considering law as only impacts you could conclude from this that there is no law: that the law is only the enforcement of that law and if the law is followed or transgressed without punishment then the law does not exist, because there was no action. Which might very well be true if you consider only the $50 fine as the law. But if you broaden your consideration and think of the law not as the words or the principle to be transgressed or not transgressed (the punishment avoided or punishment received), but as the decision (both individually and collectively) to stop or not stop then the $50 fine is not the end of the analysis, but the beginning. The question then becomes how does a $50 impact whether or not people stop or don’t stop.

You run the stop sign or you don’t run the stop sign: the power of a legal system and a written legal code is that it shapes whether or not you run the stop sign. It doesn’t determine whether an individual stops or doesn’t stop, but it influences it. The written law is not the only, or often, the most powerful influence on human action. For instance, where the stop sign is places has an enormous impact on whether or not people stop. If it’s hard to see, or blue instead of red, or on an abandoned country road then people are much less likely to stop. Thus, the shape of a stop sign is the law, or part of the law. It’s part of the system that makes each individual stop or not stop.

The behavior of a single individual is aggregated thousands of times, millions, and thus you have stop signs (which in the US are mostly obeyed): a vast network of social, personal, political, economic and legal decisions that cause individuals to act in a certain way.

Impacts

To study the law and to just study how courts work and what judges say is to limit our understanding of the law, and in turn limit our ability to impact society. The law should be the study of how legal language, mechanisms, and institutions influence systems of human behavior.

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