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| | | Introduction | |
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< | Illegal immigration in America is a “legal problem” in the fullest sense conveyed by Robinson in Lawyerland. The solution, if one exists at all, doesn’t lie only within the parameters of the law but involves forces outside the law – economics, race relations, politics. | >
> | Illegal immigration in America is a “legal problem” in the fullest sense conveyed by Robinson in Lawyerland. The solution, if even one exists, doesn’t lie only within the parameters of the law but involves forces outside the law--economics, race relations, politics. | | | | |
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< | Recently, Mitt Romney presented his solution to America’s immigration reform at a GOP debate in Tampa. “The answer,” as he called it, was self-deportation. In short, it is the idea that undocumented immigrants will voluntarily choose to leave this country if life here is made unbearable enough. The term is mocked because it combines the notion of getting expelled and choosing to leave one’s country, but it is no joke. The theory is synonymous with a strategic plan developed by anti-immigrant groups called “attrition by force,” which is embodied in laws denying work, education, transportation, housing services to those who cannot prove their legal immigration status. This facilitates the passing of state laws like in Arizona, Alabama, and Georgia. | >
> | Recently, Mitt Romney presented his solution to America’s immigration reform at a GOP debate in Tampa. “The answer,” as he called it, was self-deportation. In short, it is the idea that undocumented immigrants will voluntarily choose to leave this country if life here is made unbearable enough. The term is mocked because it combines the notion of getting expelled and choosing to leave one’s country, but it is no joke. The theory is synonymous with a strategic plan developed by anti-immigrant groups called “attrition by force,” which is embodied in laws denying work, education, transportation, housing services to those who cannot prove their legal immigration status. | | | While never soft on immigration, Romney’s recent hardline stance on immigration dropped any pretense of a moderate view. My view on this is simple: Taking Frank’s concept outside the courtroom, I find self-deportation an incantation of primitive magic by attempting to classify and reconstruct a legal process that instills anxiety and fear into something that is controllable and familiar. Self-deportation is disguised as a passive resistance of immigrants to provide mental ease and certainty over a subject area that reveals our impotence as a society.
What’s the Magic? | |
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< | Modern legal magic is not just found in trials. Frank writes that magic appears when primitive man tries to confront “specific practical problems when he is in peril or in need.” (45). In this case, politicians, statisticians, and economists have all tried to resolve without success America’s illegal immigration problem. The issue is a divisive one; citizens either want the government to focus on halting the flow of illegal immigrants altogether or on forming a comprehensive approach to those already here. | >
> | Modern legal magic isn't just found in trials. Frank writes that magic appears when primitive man tries to confront “specific practical problems when he is in peril or in need.” (45). In this case, politicians, statisticians, and economists have all tried to resolve without success America’s illegal immigration problem. The issue is a divisive one; citizens either want the government to focus on halting the flow of illegal immigrants altogether or on forming a comprehensive approach to those already here. | | | | |
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< | With no clear strategy of how to move forward, immigration reform (or lack thereof) engenders a cloud of uncertainty over the legal rights owed to undocumented workers and families. This is where magic appears, making what is subjective appear objective to instill a sense of reliability and “substitute unreal achievements for real.” Magic functions like science to do this; it uses a technological process of manipulation to turn what “might conceivably be true” to what “is true.” (45). Indeed, it’s a well-thought out approach according to the leading architects of self-deportation like the Federation for American Immigration Reform, who said: Illegal immigrants “are very rational people. They come here to get access to jobs and a lot of services. If you remove those incentives, they will respond rationally and leave.” In essence, Romney and the supporters of this platform have refashioned the facts about illegal immigration to bring it under their control. | >
> | With no clear strategy of how to move forward, immigration reform (or lack thereof) engenders a cloud of uncertainty over the legal rights owed to undocumented workers and families. This is where magic appears, making what is subjective appear objective to instill a sense of reliability and “substitute unreal achievements for real.” Magic functions like science to do this; it uses a technological process of manipulation to turn what “might conceivably be true” to what “is true.” (45). Indeed, it’s a well-thought out approach according to the leading architects of self-deportation like the Federation for American Immigration Reform, who said: Illegal immigrants “are very rational people. They come here to get access to jobs and a lot of services. If you remove those incentives, they will respond rationally and leave.” | | |
Self-Deportation Exposed | |
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< | On its face, self-deportation sounds less aggressive than conducting mass roundups and imprisoning undocumented workers. After all, immigrants would be choosing to pack up and leave the country. However, the means to this end is atrocious; at a practical level it requires strict oversight of employers, random identity checks, and blocking access to medical care and schools. By pushing for harsher regulation and hostility from state governments, this plan undercuts basic human rights, and heightens discriminatory abuses, devastates local economies. | >
> | On its face, self-deportation sounds less aggressive than conducting mass roundups and imprisoning undocumented workers. After all, immigrants would be choosing to pack up and leave the country. However, the means to this end is atrocious; at a practical level, it requires strict oversight of employers, random identity checks, and blocking access to medical care. By pushing for harsher regulation and hostility from state governments, this plan undercuts basic human rights, and heightens discriminatory abuses, devastates local economies. | | | | |
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< | Of course, the most glaring aspect of self-deportation is that it is not effective. Reports show that rather than push undocumented workers out of the regulated labor market, self-deportation will only move them into the “shadow economy,” a sector akin to an underground marketplace where “labor law are frequently unenforced or ignored.” As difficult as life may be for illegal immigrants, recurring to the shadow economy would be a step worth taking for many working parents who have U.S. citizen children. | >
> | And unsurprisingly, self-deportation is not effective. Reports show that rather than push undocumented workers out of the regulated labor market, self-deportation will only move them into the “shadow economy,” a sector akin to an underground marketplace where “labor law are frequently unenforced or ignored.”
For various reasons--to escape a worse fate in their home country, to not break up a family, to hold onto the hope of becoming a citizen--undocumented workers almost always recur to the shadow economy, even if it turns them into Bartleby-like ghosts. | | | A Personal Reflection | |
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< | I'm lucky to be a naturalized U.S. citizen, not only in the thankful sense of the word but also purely fortuitous. I avoided the struggles that innocent children like Antonio Alarcon have to endure. It’s hard to understand how my family was allowed to live here in peace over millions of others. In our case, I believe it was all fortuitous timing and nothing more. | >
> | I'm lucky to be a naturalized U.S. citizen. I don't mean just thankful. I mean that the naturalization process, among other variables, depends on pure luck. It took an abnormally short amount of time for my family to get our green cards because we came during an amnesty period. The tranquility citizenship has afforded us is at moments a bittersweet reality for me, namely because the horror stories about immigration that I know come from my family, neighbors, and friends. | | | | |
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< | Yet for me to be so lucky to get temporary residency means a world of difference. From my small high school class, 2 did not complete a college, and it was both due to immigration problems. One of those students is my best friend. His family did not disclose his illegal status until he applied for college. The truth was devastating because he had no control over the situation. He had over a 4.0 GPA and the sharpest mind of anyone in our school. Still, he could not get the federal loans he needed to finish his classes at UC Berkeley. He now works as a cashier at a bookstore. It is a dead end job relative to what he and I know he is capable of. Yet he cannot leave the job or the city because his immigration case is still ongoing. The topic is still painful for him to discuss; his goals and ambitions see far too distance to ever be realized. | >
> | To even get a temporary residency means a world of difference. I went to a small magnet high school of predominately black and Latinos. From my class, 2 did not complete college, both due to immigration problems. One of them is my best friend. He was a stellar student; he had over a 4.0 GPA and national merit scholar. Yet his family never disclosed his illegal status until he applied for college. The truth was devastating because he had no control over the situation. I’ll leave out some of the details, but in the end he couldn’t secure federal loans to finish his degree at UC Berkeley. He now works as a cashier at a bookstore. It's a dead end job relative to what he and I know he is capable of. He also can’t leave the job or the city because his immigration case is still ongoing. The topic is pretty much taboo when we get together. After all, what do you say to someone whose life is in limbo? | | | Moving forward | |
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< | In exposing modern legal magic in court trials, Frank was not concerned with finding a remedy. He writes: “You cannot control such courts unless you can also control their fact-finding. But that you usually can’t do.” (61). The point is for us to be aware of how the legal system is imbued with magical thinking. | >
> | In exposing modern legal magic in court trials, Frank was not concerned with finding a remedy. “You cannot control such courts unless you can also control their fact-finding. But that you usually can’t do.” (61). The point is for us to be aware of how the legal system is imbued with magical thinking. | | | | |
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< | Similarly, political debates over immigration reform will be filled with magical words to ease our fears of change and chance of some “alien nation.” I’m not sure, however, that we should idly sit back in this case. Minority leaders like Antonio Villaraigosa are right to call out Romney’s divisive self-deportation scheme, and I hope more get on board. (997 words) | >
> | I’m not sure, however, that we should idly sit back in this case. Political debates over immigration reform will be filled with magical words to ease our fears of change and chance of some “alien nation.” Minority leaders like Antonio Villaraigosa are right to call out Romney’s divisive self-deportation scheme, and I hope more get on board. (970 words) |
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