|
META TOPICPARENT | name="SecondPaper" |
(Revised and ready for review) | | Are Our Reading Habits Changing? Some Stats and Studies
A study conducted by the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) offers some quantitative indications of people's changing reading habits. The most glaring finding is that Americans are simply reading less now than they did before; for example, the percentage of 18-24 year olds who read at least one book that was not required by school or work fell from fifty-nine percent in 1992 to fifty-two percent in 2002. While there is no proof of a causal relationship, this seven-percent drop coincides with the rise of the internet. | |
< < | Moreover, studies suggest that even when people do read, they are probably not reading as closely as they once did. The NEA report claims that in 2004, fifty-eight percent of middle and high school students surveyed admitted to using some other form of media while reading. The Carr article also references an interesting and revealing study conducted by researchers at University College London. In tracking visitor activities to two websites that provide journal articles and e-books, the UCL researchers discovered that people frequently read only one or two pages of a book before switching to another one, and rarely do they ever return to the book they were reading. Hence in the researchers’ opinion, the internet seems to have given rise to a kind of reading where people “power browse” instead of sitting down and reading a book in the way that the activity is traditionally understood to mean. These studies seem to corroborate the unfortunate changes that I am observing in myself. | > > | But you wanted the data
from the preceding period to show whether that was continuous with an
already downward trend (in which case no causal hypothesis is
necessary). You didn't look. In fact, of course, reading for
pleasure among people 18-24 has been dropping pretty steadily for the
last fifty years. Perhaps television?
Moreover, studies suggest that even when people do read, they are probably not reading as closely as they once did. The NEA report claims that in 2004, fifty-eight percent of middle and high school students surveyed admitted to using some other form of media while reading.
Television, again.
The Carr article also references an interesting and revealing study conducted by researchers at University College London. In tracking visitor activities to two websites that provide journal articles and e-books, the UCL researchers discovered that people frequently read only one or two pages of a book before switching to another one, and rarely do they ever return to the book they were reading. Hence in the researchers’ opinion, the internet seems to have given rise to a kind of reading where people “power browse” instead of sitting down and reading a book in the way that the activity is traditionally understood to mean.
Actually, that's the activity called "research."
These studies seem to corroborate the unfortunate changes that I am observing in myself.
Doubtless. We are not
disputing at the moment that something is making you stupid; we'll
take that on your statement. The question is whether "the Internet"
is responsible. I mentioned at the beginning of the course that "the
Internet" is not a thing. Careful avoidance of that reification
would have allowed you not to fall into Carr's hole. "The Internet"
is the social condition of pervasive interconnection. Is that
resulting in your increased stupidity, that you're better connected
to more people with fewer intermediaries? Or just that, despite your
love of reading, you make poor use of your mental equipment, having
trained neither your powers of memory nor your powers of
concentration?
If we gave everyone on Earth a free hammer, there would be more
pounded thumbs, right? Until people learned how to use hammers
better. Conclusion?
| | What to make of these changes? | |
< < | Ultimately, I decided that – at least for myself – while my literary habits have certainly changed, the changes have not necessarily been for the worse. I have a much better eye for picking up information quickly, and am better at separating what is important in a piece of writing from what is there primarily for ornamental purposes. Additionally, my changing reading habits seem to also have influenced the way I write; I am more focused on content and less driven by style. I also write faster than I used to, as I no longer force myself to painstakingly think through each sentence to make it as nice-sounding as possible. Given the profession that I am about to enter into, these changes are not altogether bad ones.
What does this mean for society at large, though? While these changes in reading habits might suit the legal profession in certain ways, their impact on society poses different but intriguing questions. If people are not reading as deeply as before, and are increasingly focusing on content instead of style, will we lose eloquence as a result? Or will eloquence be redefined? If people’s reduced attention spans are preventing them from enjoying full novels, then will novels continue to be the bedrock of literature? Or will novellas and essays shape our literary future? I do believe we will see a shift in our literary habits, but I feel that it will be a change that reflects people’s needs and preferences. Technology will not bring the end of literature, but will simply reshape literature into something that resonates with tomorrow’s society – and that might means novels with shorter chapters or a proliferation of short stories like never before. More dramatically, maybe magazines will be the new novel. In any case, I do not believe that technology is making us less literary, because being “literary” is a fluid concept whose definition changes as society changes, and what form it ultimately takes is a fascinating question that might not be answered until well after our lifetime. | > > | Ultimately, I decided that – at least for myself – while my literary habits have certainly changed, the changes have not necessarily been for the worse. I have a much better eye for picking up information quickly, and am better at separating what is important in a piece of writing from what is there primarily for ornamental purposes. Additionally, my changing reading habits seem to also have influenced the way I write; I am more focused on content and less driven by style. I also write faster than I used to, as I no longer force myself to painstakingly think through each sentence to make it as nice-sounding as possible. | | | |
> > | Last time you said that
carelessness made it possible for you to write better. Now you are
limiting yourself to the idea that carelessness allows you to write
faster. This is probably true, but it's hard to see how, for someone
intending to be a lawyer, this is progress.
Given the profession that I am about to enter into, these changes are not altogether bad ones.
Because being a lawyer
is about writing rapidly without taking pains?
| | | |
> > | What does this mean for society at large, though? While these changes in reading habits might suit the legal profession in certain ways, their impact on society poses different but intriguing questions. If people are not reading as deeply as before, and are increasingly focusing on content instead of style, will we lose eloquence as a result? Or will eloquence be redefined? If people’s reduced attention spans are preventing them from enjoying full novels, then will novels continue to be the bedrock of literature? Or will novellas and essays shape our literary future? I do believe we will see a shift in our literary habits, but I feel that it will be a change that reflects people’s needs and preferences. Technology will not bring the end of literature, but will simply reshape literature into something that resonates with tomorrow’s society – and that might means novels with shorter chapters or a proliferation of short stories like never before. More dramatically, maybe magazines will be the new novel. In any case, I do not believe that technology is making us less literary, because being “literary” is a fluid concept whose definition changes as society changes, and what form it ultimately takes is a fascinating question that might not be answered until well after our lifetime. | | | |
< < |
You are entitled to restrict access to your paper if you want to. But we all derive immense benefit from reading one another's work, and I hope you won't feel the need unless the subject matter is personal and its disclosure would be harmful or undesirable.
To restrict access to your paper simply delete the "#" on the next line:
# * Set ALLOWTOPICVIEW = TWikiAdminGroup, YuShi | > > | You did indeed try to
find data in support of Carr's idiotic theory. But you got one study
result, which you didn't put in any context, making it pretty much
useless, and another which really added nothing because the supposed
data produced was not liable to meaningful interpretation. In both
cases you satisfied yourself with the headline searched out by
Google, without looking at or analyzing any actual results for
yourself. You did not refer to any psychology or cognitive science
about attention, concentration, or the nature of
reading.
It is true that contemporary young adults read less, and with more
difficulty. Undergraduate teachers of literature will tell you, if
you inquire, that reading loads in, say, an "English Novel" offering
have typically declined by an order of magnitude over the careers of
people retiring now: where one major 19th century novel a week was
assigned in such sophomore survey courses when I was a child, one or
two major novels a term is now the most that can be expected of most
students.
In my experience, undergraduates know precisely why that has
happened: they weren't trained to read as children, and they really
don't know how. "We should have been forced to sit in a room and
read when we were kids, and we're really mad at our parents and
teachers who didn't make us, because now we realize what we've been
deprived of," say University of California undergraduates in course
evaluations I read all the time.
What primarily prevented them from learning how to read was
television, a force you do not discuss. As for yourself, you are, as
I pointed out the first time, in law school, which has had a bad
effect on people's ability to read extensively outside the law since
before Edward Coke. "If you wanted to read James Joyce you came to
the wrong place," said the then-dean of Yale Law School, Harry Hillel
Wellington, at orientation on the day I arrived in September 1980.
If he knew about the Internet that morning he was a lot smarter than
anything he did in his entire lifetime demonstrated.
The real point of this essay is that you want to believe Carr. My
question isn't whether his absurd proposition is right, which it most
certainly isn't, but why you're so drawn to it. Perhaps you should
try another draft that approaches the question from that angle: why
do you want to believe that what's happening to your mental life is
being caused by "the Internet"? | | | |
< < | Note: TWiki has strict formatting rules. Make sure you preserve the three spaces, asterisk, and extra space at the beginning of that line. If you wish to give access to any other users simply add them to the comma separated list | > > | |
|