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Law in Contemporary Society
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The Right to State-Assisted Suicide-- By EthanSinger - 26 Feb 2021The RightThe harshest form of punishment in the United States doubles as an exclusive right that some will literally kill for: the right to state-assisted suicide. Daniel Colwell is one example. Suicidal, but afraid to kill himself, he killed two people in a parking lot so that he would receive the death penalty. At trial, he told the jurors that he would break out of prison and torture their loved ones if he was not sentenced to death. Stories like the Colwell's, where someone kills others solely for the right to state-assisted suicide, are rare. However, once one is convicted and facing life in prison, utilizing the right to state-assisted suicide is not rare at all. Timothy McVeigh, the man who killed 168 people in the Oklahoma City bombing, decided against appealing his sentence of death, explaining that he would rather be put to death than spend the rest of his life in prison. He is not alone is his thinking. Since the death penalty was reinstated in 1976, at least 149 defendants have exercised their right to state-assisted suicide, declining to appeal their death sentences in order to eliminate any chance that they would instead by sentenced to life. In many cases these defendants refused the right to counsel, asked for the death penalty before sentencing, or wrote to judges requesting death to ensure that their right would not be taken away from them. These volunteers make up about 10% of all executions. The problem with this right is that it’s only extended to people that commit the worst of crimes. From 2000 to 2014, a total of 4,508 inmates committed suicide. 2,118 of these inmates were convicted for nonviolent offenses. These inmates only had the option of committing suicide themselves, often painfully, and at the risk of failure and subjection to suicide watch. In contrast, the 149 defendants convicted for committing the worst crimes imaginable not only had the state assist them in suicide with a painless lethal injection, but they also had a state-sponsored last meal of their choice. For McVeigh’s meal, he chose to eat two pints of mint chocolate chip ice cream.Extending the RightIf people convicted of some of the worst crimes imaginable are able to request state-assisted suicide, should people convicted of less atrocious crimes also have this option? Why should someone who murdered have the right to state-assisted suicide if they would rather die than spend their life in prison, while someone who trafficked drugs not have this right if they would rather die than spend their life in prison? If state-assisted suicide is thought of merely as a right however, then this question could be extended to anyone. If a prisoner can request the right to state-assisted suicide, why shouldn’t anyone who is feeling suicidal have this right? The instinctual answer to this question lies in the notion that assisting in suicide is something that feels morally wrong compared to the alternative of trying to help someone not feel suicidal. In the United States, the laws interest in preventing state-assisted suicide goes beyond this reasoning that there may be better days ahead. When someone is suffering immensely from a terminal illness that will inevitably kill them within months, and there is no way to be conscious and without pain, the right to physician-assisted suicide is a right in just nine U.S. states and the District of Columbia. There are arguably no better days ahead in these scenarios, and while the patient and their family may beg the physician to end the suffering, in 41 states the patients must suffer until death in these scenarios. The problem of the right to state-assisted suicide for those who have committed the worst of crimes is thus more complicated than just the lack of fairness of them having this right and others not having this right. While it feels wrong to deny this right to those that are less culpable when it is granted to those that are most culpable, it also feels wrong to extend this right to those that are less culpable because of the notion that is is wrong to assist people in committing suicide.Eliminating the RightOne way to solve this problem is to eliminate the right to state-assisted suicide for convicts altogether. This would avoid the promotion of something that feels wrong (assistance in suicide), while also solving the problem of fairness as people who commit the most reprehensible acts would no longer have a right that others don’t. This could be done by denying any requests for the death penalty when the death penalty is a potential sentence for a defendant. However, this is unlikely to work as defendant’s that wish for state-assisted suicide will still be able to access the right. They would just have to be sneakier about it. By refusing a lawyer, showing no remorse, and confessing to horrible acts, a defendant can ensure they will have the right to state-assisted suicide without directly requesting it. The best way to eliminate the right to state-assisted for convicts is to eliminate the possibility of it all together. This means eliminating the death penalty. The timing is ripe for this, as for the first time in 34 years of polling by Gallup, a majority of Americans prefer life imprisonment without parole as a punishment for murder to the death penalty. Not just a slight majority, but 60%. Proponents of the death penalty may see the death penalty as a just form of punishment for those who commit horrendous crimes, but with a painless lethal injection and 10% using the punishment as a right to state-assisted suicide, it may be time to reconsider whether the punishment is even a punishment at all.‘I knew my objective was a state-assisted suicide and when it happens it’s “in your face, motherfuckers.” You just did something you’re trying to say should be illegal for medical personnel.’ – Timothy McVeigh Works Cited https://www.walb.com/story/1083665/double-murderer-gets-his-wish/ https://web.archive.org/web/20100614074106/http://archives.cnn.com/2001/LAW/05/11/mcveigh.evidence.06/index.html https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/executions/executions-overview/execution-volunteers https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2019/08/16/epstein-isnt-only-one-too-many-people-kill-themselves-jail/ https://www.cnn.com/2014/11/26/us/physician-assisted-suicide-fast-facts/index.html https://news.gallup.com/poll/268514/americans-support-life-prison-death-penalty.aspx
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